New Delhi, Dec. 18: The BJP leader, Mr L.K. Advani, replaced as leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha on Friday by his deputy in the Lower House, Ms Sushma Swaraj, claimed his political journey would continue.
“Meri rath yatra puri zindagi chalne wali hai. Main yeh nahin chhodunga (My political juggernaut will keep rolling. It will continue throughout my life).”
Mr Advani was appointed chairman of the BJP Parliamentary Party on Friday evening.
However, with Mr Advani shifted to looking after the party’s legislative affairs, the RSS exercise to take over the organisation will be put in full throttle after the formal announcement of Maharashtra state unit chief, Mr Nitin Gadkari’s name for the post of BJP chief on Saturday.
Mr Gadkari is the RSS’ candidate for the job. Sources disclosed that the RSS is apparently displeased with the decision to make Mr Advani BJP Parliamentary Party chairman. A senior RSS functionary revealed that the Sangh wanted Mr Advani to play the role of a “marg darshak (guide)” instead of continuing in active politics.
Yet Mr Advani went on to claim that his stepping down as Leader of the Opposition was “not the end of an era in politics but the beginning of a new chapter in my political life”. Sending signals to his detractors in the party, and perhaps in the entire Sangh Parivar, he
maintained: “If someone thinks that I will stop being in active politics and quit, he is wrong.”
19.12.09
10.12.09
102 MLAs resign over Telangana state: Andhra In Turmoil
Ap in Turmoil of Politics.
Center's Untimely decision
Center's Untimely decision
City ministers want Hyderabad as UT
Ministers Mr Danam Nagender and Mr Mukesh Gowd alongwith five MLAs from the city have urged the Congress president, Mrs Sonia Gandhi, to make the Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation area a Union Territory in the event Telangana is given statehood.
They said Hyderabad, being the fifth largest city in the country with a population of more than 80 lakh, has acquired a cosmopolitan character with people from across the country settled here.
The ministers said the demographic profile of the city has changed tremendously over the years. They also brought to her notice that during the 2009 general elections, people voted out the Telugu Desam-TRS Mahakutami due to their separatist policies.
In another development, Congress MLAs from Telangana region have petitioned to the Congress president urging her to consider the separate statehood issue immediately.
The former home minister, Mr K. Janareddy, the former IT minister, Mr R. Damodar Reddy, and 27 Congress MLAs from the Telangana region on Wednesday faxed a representation to the Congress president stating that the first State Reorganisation Commission had favoured separate statehood for Telangana.
They said almost all sections of society, whether it be government employees, students or intellectuals, are actively participating in street agitations throughout the Telangana region for separate state.
They said Hyderabad, being the fifth largest city in the country with a population of more than 80 lakh, has acquired a cosmopolitan character with people from across the country settled here.
The ministers said the demographic profile of the city has changed tremendously over the years. They also brought to her notice that during the 2009 general elections, people voted out the Telugu Desam-TRS Mahakutami due to their separatist policies.
In another development, Congress MLAs from Telangana region have petitioned to the Congress president urging her to consider the separate statehood issue immediately.
The former home minister, Mr K. Janareddy, the former IT minister, Mr R. Damodar Reddy, and 27 Congress MLAs from the Telangana region on Wednesday faxed a representation to the Congress president stating that the first State Reorganisation Commission had favoured separate statehood for Telangana.
They said almost all sections of society, whether it be government employees, students or intellectuals, are actively participating in street agitations throughout the Telangana region for separate state.
PC invites KCR to Delhi for T
Home Minister P. Chidambaram on Thursday said he has invited TRS chief K. Chandrasekhar Rao here to discuss the next step for formation of a separate Telangana state.
"I am happy to inform the House that by and large normalcy has been restored in Hyderabad," said Chidambaram in the Rajya Sabha.
He said Rao had spoken to him this morning and thanked all sections of the House for resolving the issue.
"I have invited Rao to Delhi to discuss the next step", the Home Minister said.
Earlier, senior BJP leader M. Venkaiah Naidu took exception to Chidambaram announcing the Telangana decision outside Parliament though his party welcomed carving out Telangana from Andhra Pradesh.
Naidu said the government was taking Parliament lightly by announcing policy decisions outside and it was not only the question of privilege but a propriety of the House.
Chidambaram said he could not have waited to make the announcement on Telangana as the government could "brook no delay" against the backdrop of the situation in the state.
In any case, he said what was announced late on Wednesday was a "re-statement" of the earlier decision of the government.
"I am happy to inform the House that by and large normalcy has been restored in Hyderabad," said Chidambaram in the Rajya Sabha.
He said Rao had spoken to him this morning and thanked all sections of the House for resolving the issue.
"I have invited Rao to Delhi to discuss the next step", the Home Minister said.
Earlier, senior BJP leader M. Venkaiah Naidu took exception to Chidambaram announcing the Telangana decision outside Parliament though his party welcomed carving out Telangana from Andhra Pradesh.
Naidu said the government was taking Parliament lightly by announcing policy decisions outside and it was not only the question of privilege but a propriety of the House.
Chidambaram said he could not have waited to make the announcement on Telangana as the government could "brook no delay" against the backdrop of the situation in the state.
In any case, he said what was announced late on Wednesday was a "re-statement" of the earlier decision of the government.
Reddy brothers' offices raided
CBI on Thursday raided offices of Obulapuram Mining Company (OMC) owned by Karnataka Tourism Minister G. Janardhana Reddy, as part of an investigation into alleged illegal mining activities.
Police sources said the 11-member CBI team, which arrived late on Wednesday, questioned OMC staff at its office in Havambhavi area and later visited Reddy's house. Janardhana Reddy has been asked to be available for questioning.
The CBI officials conducted searches at the Ennoble India company, a chit firm owned by Janardhana, which has now become defunct and reportedly seized some documents, CDs and two computers, police said.
The team, which questioned Janardhana and health minister B. Sreeramulu, visited five mining companies in Bellary, but details of documents seized were not available immediately.
Meanwhile, Janardhana alleged it was a conspiracy by the Congress which had led to the CBI probe. "They (Congress) are troubling us. They are trying to create problems for the BJP government in Karnataka," he told reporters here.
The Centre has ordered the CBI probe into alleged illegal mining at the Andhra Pradesh government's request.
The Reddy brothers are under the scanner of CBI and Supreme Court over alleged illegal mining in parts of Karnataka bordering Andhra Pradesh. Reddy brothers hold three mining licences in Andhra Pradesh.
Soon after Andhra Pradesh sought a CBI probe, opposition Congress and JDS in Karnataka stepped up pressure on the state government to seek a similar probe, which the Chief Minister B.S. Yeddyurappa flatly rejected.
Yeddyurappa also asserted that there was no need to axe the three ministers and mining magnates from Bellary, including G. Karunakara Reddy, brother of Janardhana Reddy and their close associate, health minister B. Sreeramulu.
Yeddyurappa has maintained that there is no illegal mining in Karnataka and he has not granted any new mining licence ever since he assumed office.
Police sources said the 11-member CBI team, which arrived late on Wednesday, questioned OMC staff at its office in Havambhavi area and later visited Reddy's house. Janardhana Reddy has been asked to be available for questioning.
The CBI officials conducted searches at the Ennoble India company, a chit firm owned by Janardhana, which has now become defunct and reportedly seized some documents, CDs and two computers, police said.
The team, which questioned Janardhana and health minister B. Sreeramulu, visited five mining companies in Bellary, but details of documents seized were not available immediately.
Meanwhile, Janardhana alleged it was a conspiracy by the Congress which had led to the CBI probe. "They (Congress) are troubling us. They are trying to create problems for the BJP government in Karnataka," he told reporters here.
The Centre has ordered the CBI probe into alleged illegal mining at the Andhra Pradesh government's request.
The Reddy brothers are under the scanner of CBI and Supreme Court over alleged illegal mining in parts of Karnataka bordering Andhra Pradesh. Reddy brothers hold three mining licences in Andhra Pradesh.
Soon after Andhra Pradesh sought a CBI probe, opposition Congress and JDS in Karnataka stepped up pressure on the state government to seek a similar probe, which the Chief Minister B.S. Yeddyurappa flatly rejected.
Yeddyurappa also asserted that there was no need to axe the three ministers and mining magnates from Bellary, including G. Karunakara Reddy, brother of Janardhana Reddy and their close associate, health minister B. Sreeramulu.
Yeddyurappa has maintained that there is no illegal mining in Karnataka and he has not granted any new mining licence ever since he assumed office.
stupid Decision by Centre: T-backlash: MP, MLAs resign; Bandh called in state
he Vijayawada Congress MP, Mr Lagadapati Rajgopal, and 60 MLAs from all parties resigned to protest the Centre's decision to initiate the process of carving Telangana from Andhra Pradesh. Meanwhile, all parties have given a call for a bandh to protest the decision.
Two senior Congress MLAs and former ministers J.C. Diwakar Reddy and D.L. Ravindra Reddy on Thursday also resigned from their post. While Diwakar Reddy represents Tadipatri Assembly constituency in the backward Anantapur district, Ravindra Reddy is from Mydukuru in Kadapa district of Rayalaseema Both were strong proponents of a unified state.
All the MLAs who submitted resignations belong to coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions of the State. However, the Assembly speaker is yet to accept their resignations. The Congress has 158 out of the 294 seats in the Assembly with just 10 seats majority.
The MLAs have strongly decried the Congress high command's "unilateral decision" to initiate the process for bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh.
"This decision is very painful for us. Lakhs of poeple from other regions of the state have come to Hyderabad in search of livelihood. What would be their fate if the state is split," P. Venkatramaya, a Congress legislator from Krishna district, said in the Assembly.
Telugu Desam MLA P. Raghunatha Reddy said they resigned from their posts as the Congress took a unilateral decision to move a motion in the state assembly for the formation of Telangana State.
Informed sources said TDP MLA Ramakrishna from Venkatagiri in Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district too resigned.
But TDP chief N. Chandrababu Naidu is said to be dissuading his party MLAs from doing so.
Congress sources said many more MLAs from coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema have said they would resign ahead of the proposed resolution in the Assembly seeking creation of Telangana state.
Several ministers and MLAs hailing from Andhra and Rayalaseema regions have strongly decried the Congress high command's "unilateral decision" to initiate the process for bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh.
The Congress legislators from these regions are in consultation with their colleagues in Telugu Desam Party and trying to muster support against the division of the state.
Two senior Congress MLAs and former ministers J.C. Diwakar Reddy and D.L. Ravindra Reddy on Thursday also resigned from their post. While Diwakar Reddy represents Tadipatri Assembly constituency in the backward Anantapur district, Ravindra Reddy is from Mydukuru in Kadapa district of Rayalaseema Both were strong proponents of a unified state.
All the MLAs who submitted resignations belong to coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions of the State. However, the Assembly speaker is yet to accept their resignations. The Congress has 158 out of the 294 seats in the Assembly with just 10 seats majority.
The MLAs have strongly decried the Congress high command's "unilateral decision" to initiate the process for bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh.
"This decision is very painful for us. Lakhs of poeple from other regions of the state have come to Hyderabad in search of livelihood. What would be their fate if the state is split," P. Venkatramaya, a Congress legislator from Krishna district, said in the Assembly.
Telugu Desam MLA P. Raghunatha Reddy said they resigned from their posts as the Congress took a unilateral decision to move a motion in the state assembly for the formation of Telangana State.
Informed sources said TDP MLA Ramakrishna from Venkatagiri in Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore district too resigned.
But TDP chief N. Chandrababu Naidu is said to be dissuading his party MLAs from doing so.
Congress sources said many more MLAs from coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema have said they would resign ahead of the proposed resolution in the Assembly seeking creation of Telangana state.
Several ministers and MLAs hailing from Andhra and Rayalaseema regions have strongly decried the Congress high command's "unilateral decision" to initiate the process for bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh.
The Congress legislators from these regions are in consultation with their colleagues in Telugu Desam Party and trying to muster support against the division of the state.
8.12.09
TRS stalls Assembly
As their leader K. Chandrasekhara Rao's fast-unto-death entered the 10th day on Tuesday, Telangana Rashtra Samiti (TRS) legislators repeatedly stalled proceedings in the Andhra Pradesh assembly demanding a resolution on a separate state of Telangana.
Speaker Kiran Kumar Reddy had to adjourn the house twice as TRS legislators rushed to the podium after he rejected their adjournment motion. The TRS wanted the house to pass a resolution for a separate state of Telangana.
As soon as the house met for the day, TRS legislators were on their feet demanding that their adjournment motion be taken up and that an official resolution to carve out a separate Telangana state be moved.
Pandemonium prevailed in the house as TRS workers raised slogans of "Jai Telangana" and rushed towards the speaker's podium after he rejected the adjournment motion and tried to go ahead with the listed agenda.
Even after the speaker adjourned the house for 15 minutes, TRS legislators remained where they were raising slogans of "Jai Telangana". Ruling Congress party legislators from Andhra and Rayalaseema regions countered them with slogans of "Jai Andhra" and "Jai Rayalaseema" respectively.
After the house reassembled, TRS stuck to its demand while the other opposition parties supported it. Amid the din, the speaker adjourned the house for half-an-hour.
TRS, the main opposition Telugu Desam Party (TDP) and all other parties except Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (MIM) are demanding that the house pass a resolution on Telangana while the ruling party said it would abide by the decision of its central leadership.
The parties expressed their views at an emergency all-party meeting convened by Chief Minister K. Rosaiah Monday night on the direction of Congress president Sonia Gandhi. The MIM sought two days to take a decision.
Congress Legislature Party (CLP), at its meeting last evening, authorised Sonia Gandhi to take a decision. Party legislators from three regions of the state expressed divergent views over the Telangana issue.
Rosaiah reported the outcome of both the meetings to Sonia Gandhi, who went into a huddle with senior party leaders like Pranab Mukherjee, Veerappa Moily and Ahmed Patel.
She is likely to take a decision Tuesday to resolve the ongoing Telangana agitation triggered by the TRS chief's indefinite hunger strike.
Meanwhile, after a 48-hour shutdown, life is returning to normal in Hyderabad and nine other districts of Telangana.
State-owned Road Transport Corporation (RTC) buses returned on the roads after two days while shops, business establishments and educational institutions have reopened.
Speaker Kiran Kumar Reddy had to adjourn the house twice as TRS legislators rushed to the podium after he rejected their adjournment motion. The TRS wanted the house to pass a resolution for a separate state of Telangana.
As soon as the house met for the day, TRS legislators were on their feet demanding that their adjournment motion be taken up and that an official resolution to carve out a separate Telangana state be moved.
Pandemonium prevailed in the house as TRS workers raised slogans of "Jai Telangana" and rushed towards the speaker's podium after he rejected the adjournment motion and tried to go ahead with the listed agenda.
Even after the speaker adjourned the house for 15 minutes, TRS legislators remained where they were raising slogans of "Jai Telangana". Ruling Congress party legislators from Andhra and Rayalaseema regions countered them with slogans of "Jai Andhra" and "Jai Rayalaseema" respectively.
After the house reassembled, TRS stuck to its demand while the other opposition parties supported it. Amid the din, the speaker adjourned the house for half-an-hour.
TRS, the main opposition Telugu Desam Party (TDP) and all other parties except Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (MIM) are demanding that the house pass a resolution on Telangana while the ruling party said it would abide by the decision of its central leadership.
The parties expressed their views at an emergency all-party meeting convened by Chief Minister K. Rosaiah Monday night on the direction of Congress president Sonia Gandhi. The MIM sought two days to take a decision.
Congress Legislature Party (CLP), at its meeting last evening, authorised Sonia Gandhi to take a decision. Party legislators from three regions of the state expressed divergent views over the Telangana issue.
Rosaiah reported the outcome of both the meetings to Sonia Gandhi, who went into a huddle with senior party leaders like Pranab Mukherjee, Veerappa Moily and Ahmed Patel.
She is likely to take a decision Tuesday to resolve the ongoing Telangana agitation triggered by the TRS chief's indefinite hunger strike.
Meanwhile, after a 48-hour shutdown, life is returning to normal in Hyderabad and nine other districts of Telangana.
State-owned Road Transport Corporation (RTC) buses returned on the roads after two days while shops, business establishments and educational institutions have reopened.
Centre to decide on Telangana: CM
Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister K. Rosaiah on Tuesday said that the central government would take a decision on the bifurcation of the state to create a separate Telangana.
As Telangana Rashtra Samiti (TRS) president K. Chandrasekhara Rao continued his fast-unto-death for the 10th day, Rosaiah told reporters that the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance (UPA) was informed of the Telangana issue.
Rosaiah said his government would abide by the decision of the central government. Telangana region comprises 10 districts including Greater Hyderabad.
"If the central government takes a decision, there may be no need for passing a resolution in the assembly," he said, referring to the demand by TRS and other opposition parties.
Rosaiah said he has brought to the notice of Congress president Sonia Gandhi the opinions expressed by various parties at a meeting on Monday night.
"I have sent a report to the high command and I hope it will consider the same today," the Chief Minister said.
Rosaiah said he would go to New Delhi on Wednesday to greet Sonia Gandhi on her birthday.
State Congress president D. Srinivas on Monday reached New Delhi and apprised the leadership of the Telangana agitation.
Though the ruling party has said that it would abide by Sonia Gandhi's decision and legislators authorised her to take a decision, it appeared divided over Telangana.
Divergent views were expressed by Congress legislators from Telangana, Rayalaseema and Andhra regions at the Congress Legislature Party (CLP) meeting on Monday evening.
The party legislators from Rayalaseema would meet on Tuesday evening to discuss the issue while legislators from Greater Hyderabad would hold a separate meeting on Wednesday.
A section of Congress legislators from Rayalseema want a separate state for the region, which comprises four districts.
At least two ministers from greater Hyderabad wanted union territory status for the city in view of the large number of settlers living here.
As Telangana Rashtra Samiti (TRS) president K. Chandrasekhara Rao continued his fast-unto-death for the 10th day, Rosaiah told reporters that the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance (UPA) was informed of the Telangana issue.
Rosaiah said his government would abide by the decision of the central government. Telangana region comprises 10 districts including Greater Hyderabad.
"If the central government takes a decision, there may be no need for passing a resolution in the assembly," he said, referring to the demand by TRS and other opposition parties.
Rosaiah said he has brought to the notice of Congress president Sonia Gandhi the opinions expressed by various parties at a meeting on Monday night.
"I have sent a report to the high command and I hope it will consider the same today," the Chief Minister said.
Rosaiah said he would go to New Delhi on Wednesday to greet Sonia Gandhi on her birthday.
State Congress president D. Srinivas on Monday reached New Delhi and apprised the leadership of the Telangana agitation.
Though the ruling party has said that it would abide by Sonia Gandhi's decision and legislators authorised her to take a decision, it appeared divided over Telangana.
Divergent views were expressed by Congress legislators from Telangana, Rayalaseema and Andhra regions at the Congress Legislature Party (CLP) meeting on Monday evening.
The party legislators from Rayalaseema would meet on Tuesday evening to discuss the issue while legislators from Greater Hyderabad would hold a separate meeting on Wednesday.
A section of Congress legislators from Rayalseema want a separate state for the region, which comprises four districts.
At least two ministers from greater Hyderabad wanted union territory status for the city in view of the large number of settlers living here.
KCR's condition worsens-on Death bed
The condition of the TRS chief, Mr K. Chandrasekhar Rao, has worsened, said doctors at Nims. Doctors have advised KCR to break his fast immediately. KCR's fast entered the tenth day on Tuesday.
KCR was being administered both saline and 'total parental nutrition' by the hospital but now doctors say that prolonged administration of IV fluids is leading to problems.
NIMS director D. Prasada Rao said a team of doctors attending on the TRS chief have said that though his blood and sugar levels were normal, protein level was coming down day by day which might lead to complications, increasing the possibility of an infection and posing danger to his health.
The TRS President has been fasting for the past ten days pressing for a separate Telangana.
KCR was being administered both saline and 'total parental nutrition' by the hospital but now doctors say that prolonged administration of IV fluids is leading to problems.
NIMS director D. Prasada Rao said a team of doctors attending on the TRS chief have said that though his blood and sugar levels were normal, protein level was coming down day by day which might lead to complications, increasing the possibility of an infection and posing danger to his health.
The TRS President has been fasting for the past ten days pressing for a separate Telangana.
1.12.09
Career in poultry
Career and Self Employment Opportunities in Poultry Science
Dr.A.K.Panda and Dr.B.C.Das
Poultry is one of the fastest growing segments of the agricultural sector in India with an average growth rate of 8 to 10 per cent per annum. As a result, India is now the world’s 3rd largest egg producer (next to China and USA) and 5th major producer of broiler chicken meat (after USA, China, Brazil and Mexico). The poultry sector contributes about Rs. 33,000 crore to national GNP and likely to reach to about Rs.60, 000 crore in the next five years. With a turnover of more than 352 billion rupees, this sector provides direct and indirect employment to over 3 million people in the country and has great potential to create employment opportunities with every increase of egg/meat consumption. In spite of spectacular growth in poultry sector in the last four decades, there exists huge gap between availability and requirement of poultry products. The present yearly per capita availability of egg is 46 against the requirement of 180 eggs. Similarly, against the yearly per capita requirement of 11 kg of meat, only about 1.8 kg poultry meat is available per head. Therefore, to meet the domestic requirement, there is a need for about 4 times increase in egg production and six times in meat production. If taken into account the domestic requirement as well as India’s share of export market, there is existence of huge production gap of poultry products in the country. Increase in population growth, changing life style, shifting of food habits, rapid urbanization, increased per capita income, increase awareness on health, increase in size of young population, etc., are contributing towards more demand on poultry products. In the current market scenario, the poultry products are cheapest source of animal protein of high biological value. This increased demand of poultry products is expected to create more than 10 million jobs of various categories in poultry industry.
Career Opportunities in Poultry Science:
Career opportunities in poultry science are plenty. One may opt for research, education, business, consultant, manager, breeder, advertiser, poultry house designer, production technologist, processing technologist, feeding technologist, value addition technologist, poultry economist, etc. and many more depending upon the aptitude and qualification. A person wants to become a poultry specialist and interested to pursue specialized jobs has to complete first B.V.Sc and A.H (Bachelor of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry). The minimum qualification is 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (PCB) for completion of the B.V.Sc and AH. After completion of graduation degree, one may opt for postgraduate programme of M.V.Sc (Master of Veterinary Science) and Ph.D. in poultry related disciplines to become a specialist.
List of universities/institutes offering post graduation/Ph.D. courses in poultry science
Sl.No
Universities/Institutes
Campus
1.
Anand Agricultural University
Anand, Gujurat
2.
Assam Agricultural University
Khanapara
3.
Indian Veterinary Research Institute/Central Avian Research Institute
Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh
4.
J K Krishi Viswa Vidyalaya
Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh
5.
Karnataka Veterinary and Animal Science University
Bangalore and Bidar
6.
Kerala Agricultural University
Mannuthy
7.
Maharastra Animal and Fisheries Science University
Nagpur, Akola, Mumbai and Parbani
8.
Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology
Bhubaneswar
9.
Sri Venkateswar University of Veterinary and Fisheries
Tirupati and Hyderabad
10.
Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Science University
Chennai and Namakhal
11.
UP Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhay Pasu Chikitsha Vigyan Viswavidyalaya evam Go Anusandhan Anusthan
Mathura
12
Rajiv Gandhi College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences,
Pondicherry
However, for general types of job in poultry industry like farm manager, sales manager, input manager, plant manager, etc, one may not require to have essentially degree of B.V.Sc and A.H.to start a career. He/ She may opt for the certificate or diploma programmes offered by different institutes in the country to become eligible to various general types of job in poultry industry. Some of the institutes offering diploma/certificate and skill development training programmes in poultry science are-
1. Central Poultry Development Organization (CPDO), Mumbai, Bangalore, Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh
2. Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), New Delhi
3. Central Avian Research Institute (CARI), Izatnagar 243 122 U.P.
4. Poultry Diagnostic Research Centre(PDRC), Pune
5. Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar 243 122, U.P.
6. National Institute of Open Schooling
7. Krishna Kanta Handique State Open University
8. Annamalai University
9. Dr. B. V. Rao Institute of Poultry Management & Technology (IPMT) Pune (M.S) 412 202
The list is indicative only. Perspective candidates may enquire the institute of their interest regarding the offering of various courses on poultry science. The BV Rao Institute of Poultry management and Technology, Pune offers the following courses regularly.
1. Basic Commercial Poultry Management Course
2. Orientation/Guidance Course for Existing farmers
3. Advanced Course for Large scale poultry farming
4. Feed Formulation & Feed Analyses course for Feed manufacturers
5. Hatchery Management course for Persons engaged in Hatchery
6. Appreciation Course in Poultry Management for Non-technical/Financial persons
Employment Opportunities:
There are various avenues of job opportunities for those who opt for poultry science as their career. Depending upon one’s qualification and academic background, one can find job in academic field as assistant professor, in research organizations as researcher and scientist, in central and state department as subject matter specialist and manager of poultry farms. Similarly, very good numbers of jobs are available in private poultry and related industries for the poultry science graduates. Besides, one may opt for consultancy and self employment in poultry business. Remuneration for poultry science professionals is very attractive. In the central and state governments, one may expect salary between Rs. 30,000 to Rs. 40,000 per month depending upon his qualifications. In research and teaching institutions, salary vary between Rs.40,000 to Rs.50,000 per month. In private poultry farms depending upon one’s qualification and experience, one may get anything between Rs. 20,000 to Rs.75,000 per month.
Dr.A.K.Panda and Dr.B.C.Das
Poultry is one of the fastest growing segments of the agricultural sector in India with an average growth rate of 8 to 10 per cent per annum. As a result, India is now the world’s 3rd largest egg producer (next to China and USA) and 5th major producer of broiler chicken meat (after USA, China, Brazil and Mexico). The poultry sector contributes about Rs. 33,000 crore to national GNP and likely to reach to about Rs.60, 000 crore in the next five years. With a turnover of more than 352 billion rupees, this sector provides direct and indirect employment to over 3 million people in the country and has great potential to create employment opportunities with every increase of egg/meat consumption. In spite of spectacular growth in poultry sector in the last four decades, there exists huge gap between availability and requirement of poultry products. The present yearly per capita availability of egg is 46 against the requirement of 180 eggs. Similarly, against the yearly per capita requirement of 11 kg of meat, only about 1.8 kg poultry meat is available per head. Therefore, to meet the domestic requirement, there is a need for about 4 times increase in egg production and six times in meat production. If taken into account the domestic requirement as well as India’s share of export market, there is existence of huge production gap of poultry products in the country. Increase in population growth, changing life style, shifting of food habits, rapid urbanization, increased per capita income, increase awareness on health, increase in size of young population, etc., are contributing towards more demand on poultry products. In the current market scenario, the poultry products are cheapest source of animal protein of high biological value. This increased demand of poultry products is expected to create more than 10 million jobs of various categories in poultry industry.
Career Opportunities in Poultry Science:
Career opportunities in poultry science are plenty. One may opt for research, education, business, consultant, manager, breeder, advertiser, poultry house designer, production technologist, processing technologist, feeding technologist, value addition technologist, poultry economist, etc. and many more depending upon the aptitude and qualification. A person wants to become a poultry specialist and interested to pursue specialized jobs has to complete first B.V.Sc and A.H (Bachelor of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry). The minimum qualification is 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (PCB) for completion of the B.V.Sc and AH. After completion of graduation degree, one may opt for postgraduate programme of M.V.Sc (Master of Veterinary Science) and Ph.D. in poultry related disciplines to become a specialist.
List of universities/institutes offering post graduation/Ph.D. courses in poultry science
Sl.No
Universities/Institutes
Campus
1.
Anand Agricultural University
Anand, Gujurat
2.
Assam Agricultural University
Khanapara
3.
Indian Veterinary Research Institute/Central Avian Research Institute
Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh
4.
J K Krishi Viswa Vidyalaya
Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh
5.
Karnataka Veterinary and Animal Science University
Bangalore and Bidar
6.
Kerala Agricultural University
Mannuthy
7.
Maharastra Animal and Fisheries Science University
Nagpur, Akola, Mumbai and Parbani
8.
Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology
Bhubaneswar
9.
Sri Venkateswar University of Veterinary and Fisheries
Tirupati and Hyderabad
10.
Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Science University
Chennai and Namakhal
11.
UP Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhay Pasu Chikitsha Vigyan Viswavidyalaya evam Go Anusandhan Anusthan
Mathura
12
Rajiv Gandhi College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences,
Pondicherry
However, for general types of job in poultry industry like farm manager, sales manager, input manager, plant manager, etc, one may not require to have essentially degree of B.V.Sc and A.H.to start a career. He/ She may opt for the certificate or diploma programmes offered by different institutes in the country to become eligible to various general types of job in poultry industry. Some of the institutes offering diploma/certificate and skill development training programmes in poultry science are-
1. Central Poultry Development Organization (CPDO), Mumbai, Bangalore, Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh
2. Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), New Delhi
3. Central Avian Research Institute (CARI), Izatnagar 243 122 U.P.
4. Poultry Diagnostic Research Centre(PDRC), Pune
5. Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar 243 122, U.P.
6. National Institute of Open Schooling
7. Krishna Kanta Handique State Open University
8. Annamalai University
9. Dr. B. V. Rao Institute of Poultry Management & Technology (IPMT) Pune (M.S) 412 202
The list is indicative only. Perspective candidates may enquire the institute of their interest regarding the offering of various courses on poultry science. The BV Rao Institute of Poultry management and Technology, Pune offers the following courses regularly.
1. Basic Commercial Poultry Management Course
2. Orientation/Guidance Course for Existing farmers
3. Advanced Course for Large scale poultry farming
4. Feed Formulation & Feed Analyses course for Feed manufacturers
5. Hatchery Management course for Persons engaged in Hatchery
6. Appreciation Course in Poultry Management for Non-technical/Financial persons
Employment Opportunities:
There are various avenues of job opportunities for those who opt for poultry science as their career. Depending upon one’s qualification and academic background, one can find job in academic field as assistant professor, in research organizations as researcher and scientist, in central and state department as subject matter specialist and manager of poultry farms. Similarly, very good numbers of jobs are available in private poultry and related industries for the poultry science graduates. Besides, one may opt for consultancy and self employment in poultry business. Remuneration for poultry science professionals is very attractive. In the central and state governments, one may expect salary between Rs. 30,000 to Rs. 40,000 per month depending upon his qualifications. In research and teaching institutions, salary vary between Rs.40,000 to Rs.50,000 per month. In private poultry farms depending upon one’s qualification and experience, one may get anything between Rs. 20,000 to Rs.75,000 per month.
Teaching Career
career in teaching
— by Naresh Singh
Future is bright if right direction is taken at the right time. Teaching is re-emerging as an important and increasingly popular career option because of the stability that it offers in these troubled times. Whatever your circumstances, if you are still at school, about to graduate or finishing higher degree in any stream or looking for change of direction, there are newer and more ways to enter the profession than ever before. Teaching is deemed as a noble career. Teaching is a career only for those, who do not hold money in high regard and have passion for knowledge. Genuine interest in the profession is the most important virtue that one must possess. For teachers, learning and teaching are a complementary process. Bright students can choose even professional disciplines—mana-gement, engineering, medicine etc. Demand for quality teachers is always high.
No profession is free of challenges. Teachers have to face several hurdles in their careers. The teaching refers to a specific cluster of activities which includes such acts as explaining, demonstrating, questioning and motivating. The process of teaching-learning is as old as human beings on earth. It has been from informal learning to formal learning with the passage of time. The learning is the permanent change in learner’s behavior with the help of effective teaching. True learning is change in personality which if not practiced or reinforced, extincts.
The teaching as convent-ionally understood by traditional people is the act of dissemination of information to the learners in the class rooms. A number of researches have evidenced that teaching is to make the learner realize his/her potential at the fullest. Traditional methods and techniques have been replaced by new methods of teaching and Innovative teaching-learning techniques. Gone are the days when teaching was understood as imparting mere information and when a learner was underrated or underestimated to learn.
Every learner has almost an average I.Q. He/ she can acquire utmost knowledge with self-efforts directed by the teacher. Teaching is to motivate the learners to acquire information, knowledge and skills with self efforts. The teaching must stress self-learning with teacher’s guidance rather than providing instruction to the learner at every step. Role of the teaching is to enable the learner to become self-dependent to explore oppor-tunities. An ideal teacher helps the learner to tremendously use self- senses in order to experience different real life situations.
The process of teaching was carried out by early human beings and even by animals to teach their young ones for successful adjustment in the environment. The process has undergone several changes from informal to formal. Today, the need is to rouse dormant potentialities of learners. Today, the learning can be made efficient and effective with the advent of technological media. Efficiency as a term involves relationship between inputs and outputs in a production process — The underlying notion is that- production is efficient if given inputs produce maximum output. Efficient teaching is that which reduces wastage of learning material — learners (animate human resources- students) and inanimate teaching – learning aids. Maximum utilization of resources can curtail the wastage. The wastage of resources is in high rate of dropouts, failures and truants of students–learners & the misuse and the unuse of teaching- learning aids, The use and misuse of teaching- learning aids are due to lack of knowledge to operate at the part of teacher. How can teaching – learning be made interesting and attractive? Interaction between teacher and student should be intensive and more frequent. It is possible as ratio between student and teacher is less. And highly motivated teachers may make the teaching –learning interested and attractive. High incentives and on the job training can make teachers more motivated and committed. Mobilization of students is a must by motivational techniques.
Utilization of electronical gadgets, as teaching aids as computer, projector and other simulation demonstrative aids can be helpful in efficient teaching- learning. Traditional teaching- learning methods should be taken off. Balanced participation between teacher and student should involve healthy discussion through active interaction.
Moreover teaching is the stimulation, guidance, direction, facilitation and encouragement for learning. It is an art and a teacher is an artist. An artist is governed by certain principles which help him acquire proficiency in his profession, so a teacher is also governed by certain principles which help him acquire proficiency in teaching. The teacher must understand the developmental characteristics of learners at different stages so that he/ she takes advantage of the interest and motivation of the learners in a learning task. Lack of under-standing of differences in emotional quotient, age-groups, socio-economic background, interests and motivational levels of learners makes the teacher- centered teaching fail. So only learner-centered approach may make the teaching effective and efficient. True teaching brings novelty and excitement to the classroom through methodologies that encourage self-learning firmly believing that “education is not filling a bucket but kindling a lamp.”
In true teaching the teacher does not tell, but the class learns all the time. The teacher may speak and ask and often even tell but the class never stops from learning. The class never stops from searching, finding and gathering. The greater thing in teaching is that the pupils must learn and sincere in these days they seldom learn teaching has become singularly barren of fruit
The teaching where the teacher bosses a dead show is not effective teaching. In true teaching first of all the teacher is at once all and nothing. He is nothing because he is not immediately concerned with the operations of the young minds before him, and he is all because he is ultimately responsible for the result of these very operations. This is no doubt a task calling for the greatest circumspection an extremely delicate work in which one is continually called upon to on tread thin ice.
The teaching is a sovereign remedy. It is the quack methods that are often practiced in the name of teaching that fail us in the hour of great expectation. The need is urgent to clear educational ideals of false silt. This is the risk that awaits the true educational reformer.
If it is bad to stuff a child with food, it is worse to stuff him with easy rudiments or mere information or even with learning. The mechanism of physical well being will not long bear the strain of excessive food. Likewise, the heaping of information on the childs mind must retard its growth and diminish its strength.
— Quality in education is nowadays a buzzword. Quality means offering the highest level of performance in all education services and programmes, quality teacher is he who performs his/ her best to deliver competent services in order to bring about positive change in the learners’ behavior. The services of a competent teacher include efficient delivery of knowledge of content in compart-mentalized easy manner and the delivery of skills in a manner as how to use knowledge and the delivery of ethical values as how to adapt to social environment. The positive change in the learners’ behavior reduces wastage of education services and reflects in his or her behaviour. Aquality teacher’s service product is the learner who is equipped with knowledge, skills and ethical values through different teaching styles Quality learners are those who are supposed to perform more than expected and gets advantage edge over other competitors in a tough competi-tion market.
be willing continually to change, learn and adapt. If you are preparing to teach in the twenty –first century, try to imagine what your role will be. You will no doubt be teaching facts and skills that have traditionally been devised. Teachers’ successes will depend upon their flexibility and their ability to view teaching as an ever-changing process that reflects the society in which it occurs.
Everywhere, there is pressure for children to learn more in school. The new economy demands that young people leave school with strong abilities to read, write, calculate and apply disciplined thought to the solution of problems. Citizenship in every society requires an understanding of the history, government and tradition of not only that society but of many others as well. More and more the pursuit of individual happiness must begin with an educated view of a complex and rapidly changing world. As schools have been pressed to be more effective and more productive, the out-of-school influences on academic learning have escalated in importance. Even where the school day and school year have been lengthened, the amount of time, children spend in school during the first eighteen years of their lives is small (perhaps 13% of waking hours) compared to time spent with the family and the broader community. Fortunately, research on the family’s influence on school learning has a substantial history, and we can settle upon basic premises with great confidence.
With reasonable certainty, we can state that poverty may statistically predict lower school performance, yet families that provide a stimulating, language rich, and supportive environment defy the odds of socio-economic circumstances. In other words, an alterable ‘curriculum of the home’—including the family’s relationships, practices and patterns of life—is a more powerful predictor of academic learning than the family’s status. Schools can work with families to improve the curriculum of the home, regardless of the family’s economic situation. This, then, is a message of great hope. Research on the relationships among families who constitute a school community leans heavily on a long body of sociological literature on communities of all types. Recently, however, primarily within the past decade, a strand of this sociological research has focused on schools as communities, and we are arriving at a set of understandings that may soon achieve the status of theory.
As for what schools can do to affect family behaviors in ways that benefit children’s learning, the research trail is shorter and less conclusive. There remains a great amount of experimentation, casting about to see what works. Some initiatives have, in fact, worked, and we may report them, draw lessons from them, and generalize from them. While the home’s influence on academic learning is significant, the quality and quantity of instruction and the child’s own cognitive abilities are of equal or greater significance. There is a danger, then, in placing too much emphasis (or blame) on the family’s contribution to the learning equation while forgiving weaknesses in the school. By the same token, ignoring the gains to be made by helping families improve the alterable curriculum of the home limits of the potential effectiveness of the school.
Facets of Education
Complete education compri-ses many forms such as—
l Informal Education: It is acquired by the learner himself /herself with self efforts through socialization process. The learning subject-matter in Informal education is all social material in global village. In this system, the acquired know-ledge is not evaluated by any outside agency and no certificate is provided for it.
l Non-formal Education: In this system, learner is enrolled with an education agency to acquire knowledge and knowledge is evaluated for the award of certificate but no regular face-to-face interaction between teacher and student is provided. Non-formal education is acquired through distance /correspondence mode.
l Formal Education: In this setting, the knowledge is continuously evaluated for the award of certificate and learners’ development reflects in their behavior. Face-to-face interaction between teacher and student is intensive in this process of teaching-learning. The process of education delivery is ideal for all-round development of person’s personality. Pre-specified instructional curriculum is provided to teacher to make desired change in the learner.
l Functional Education: In this system learner acquires working skills through informal, non-formal and formal modes of education.
How to become a teacher
One has to acquire degree/Diploma level education to become a teacher for conventional disciplines of secondary standard. PhD or UGC -NET qualified examination is required for teaching at degree level disciplines. Indicative criteria to become a qualified teacher are shown here.
1. Teachers for conventional disciplines at pre-primary, primary/elementary and secon-dary level education
l Pre–Primary Teacher: Diploma of Early childhood care and Education (ECCE)/NTT /equivalents)
l Elementary Teacher: Diploma of Elementary Teacher Education (ETE/D.Ed/BTC etc.)
l Secondary Teacher: Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) after BA/B.Com/B.Sc. etc.
l Senior Secondary Teacher: Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) after MA/M.Com./MSc./equivalents
l Higher Education: Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D), / National Eligibility Test (NET)/State level eligibility Test (SLET) in any discipline for entry level of College/University Teacher/Lecturer/Asstt. Professor.
2. Teachers for Professional/Technical Education at certifi-cate, diploma and degree levels:
l Certificate/ Diploma Level Education in Library Science: B.Lib.Sc/M.Lib.Sc.
l Degree Level Education in Library Science: M.Lib.Sc. and UGC NET/PhD
l Certificate/ Diploma Level Education in Physical educa-tion: B.PEd./BPE
l Degree Level Education in Physical education: MPEd/MPE and UGC NET/Ph. D
l Certificate/ Diploma Level Education in Arts( Fine arts, Visual Arts etc.):BFA./BA(Fine Arts)
l Degree Level Education in Arts( Fine arts, Visual Arts etc.):MFA/MA in Fine Arts and UGC NET/Ph.D
l Certificate/Diploma Level Education in Musology (Musics): B.Muse
l Diploma Level Education in Engineering: B.E/BTech. in concerned Trade(Electrical/Electronics etc.)
l Degree Level Education in Engineering: M.E./MTech./Ph.D in concerned Trade (Electrical/Electronics etc.)
l Degree Level Medical Educa-tion: MD/ MS/MCh./Ph.D or equivalents
l Diploma Level Pharmacy Education: B.Pharma/M. Pharma
l Degree Level Pharmacy Education: M.Pharma / Ph.D
l Degree level Management: MBA/PhD or UGC NET/SLET Qualified exam.
(Naresh Singh is associated with SCERT New Delhi-110024)
— by Naresh Singh
Future is bright if right direction is taken at the right time. Teaching is re-emerging as an important and increasingly popular career option because of the stability that it offers in these troubled times. Whatever your circumstances, if you are still at school, about to graduate or finishing higher degree in any stream or looking for change of direction, there are newer and more ways to enter the profession than ever before. Teaching is deemed as a noble career. Teaching is a career only for those, who do not hold money in high regard and have passion for knowledge. Genuine interest in the profession is the most important virtue that one must possess. For teachers, learning and teaching are a complementary process. Bright students can choose even professional disciplines—mana-gement, engineering, medicine etc. Demand for quality teachers is always high.
No profession is free of challenges. Teachers have to face several hurdles in their careers. The teaching refers to a specific cluster of activities which includes such acts as explaining, demonstrating, questioning and motivating. The process of teaching-learning is as old as human beings on earth. It has been from informal learning to formal learning with the passage of time. The learning is the permanent change in learner’s behavior with the help of effective teaching. True learning is change in personality which if not practiced or reinforced, extincts.
The teaching as convent-ionally understood by traditional people is the act of dissemination of information to the learners in the class rooms. A number of researches have evidenced that teaching is to make the learner realize his/her potential at the fullest. Traditional methods and techniques have been replaced by new methods of teaching and Innovative teaching-learning techniques. Gone are the days when teaching was understood as imparting mere information and when a learner was underrated or underestimated to learn.
Every learner has almost an average I.Q. He/ she can acquire utmost knowledge with self-efforts directed by the teacher. Teaching is to motivate the learners to acquire information, knowledge and skills with self efforts. The teaching must stress self-learning with teacher’s guidance rather than providing instruction to the learner at every step. Role of the teaching is to enable the learner to become self-dependent to explore oppor-tunities. An ideal teacher helps the learner to tremendously use self- senses in order to experience different real life situations.
The process of teaching was carried out by early human beings and even by animals to teach their young ones for successful adjustment in the environment. The process has undergone several changes from informal to formal. Today, the need is to rouse dormant potentialities of learners. Today, the learning can be made efficient and effective with the advent of technological media. Efficiency as a term involves relationship between inputs and outputs in a production process — The underlying notion is that- production is efficient if given inputs produce maximum output. Efficient teaching is that which reduces wastage of learning material — learners (animate human resources- students) and inanimate teaching – learning aids. Maximum utilization of resources can curtail the wastage. The wastage of resources is in high rate of dropouts, failures and truants of students–learners & the misuse and the unuse of teaching- learning aids, The use and misuse of teaching- learning aids are due to lack of knowledge to operate at the part of teacher. How can teaching – learning be made interesting and attractive? Interaction between teacher and student should be intensive and more frequent. It is possible as ratio between student and teacher is less. And highly motivated teachers may make the teaching –learning interested and attractive. High incentives and on the job training can make teachers more motivated and committed. Mobilization of students is a must by motivational techniques.
Utilization of electronical gadgets, as teaching aids as computer, projector and other simulation demonstrative aids can be helpful in efficient teaching- learning. Traditional teaching- learning methods should be taken off. Balanced participation between teacher and student should involve healthy discussion through active interaction.
Moreover teaching is the stimulation, guidance, direction, facilitation and encouragement for learning. It is an art and a teacher is an artist. An artist is governed by certain principles which help him acquire proficiency in his profession, so a teacher is also governed by certain principles which help him acquire proficiency in teaching. The teacher must understand the developmental characteristics of learners at different stages so that he/ she takes advantage of the interest and motivation of the learners in a learning task. Lack of under-standing of differences in emotional quotient, age-groups, socio-economic background, interests and motivational levels of learners makes the teacher- centered teaching fail. So only learner-centered approach may make the teaching effective and efficient. True teaching brings novelty and excitement to the classroom through methodologies that encourage self-learning firmly believing that “education is not filling a bucket but kindling a lamp.”
In true teaching the teacher does not tell, but the class learns all the time. The teacher may speak and ask and often even tell but the class never stops from learning. The class never stops from searching, finding and gathering. The greater thing in teaching is that the pupils must learn and sincere in these days they seldom learn teaching has become singularly barren of fruit
The teaching where the teacher bosses a dead show is not effective teaching. In true teaching first of all the teacher is at once all and nothing. He is nothing because he is not immediately concerned with the operations of the young minds before him, and he is all because he is ultimately responsible for the result of these very operations. This is no doubt a task calling for the greatest circumspection an extremely delicate work in which one is continually called upon to on tread thin ice.
The teaching is a sovereign remedy. It is the quack methods that are often practiced in the name of teaching that fail us in the hour of great expectation. The need is urgent to clear educational ideals of false silt. This is the risk that awaits the true educational reformer.
If it is bad to stuff a child with food, it is worse to stuff him with easy rudiments or mere information or even with learning. The mechanism of physical well being will not long bear the strain of excessive food. Likewise, the heaping of information on the childs mind must retard its growth and diminish its strength.
— Quality in education is nowadays a buzzword. Quality means offering the highest level of performance in all education services and programmes, quality teacher is he who performs his/ her best to deliver competent services in order to bring about positive change in the learners’ behavior. The services of a competent teacher include efficient delivery of knowledge of content in compart-mentalized easy manner and the delivery of skills in a manner as how to use knowledge and the delivery of ethical values as how to adapt to social environment. The positive change in the learners’ behavior reduces wastage of education services and reflects in his or her behaviour. Aquality teacher’s service product is the learner who is equipped with knowledge, skills and ethical values through different teaching styles Quality learners are those who are supposed to perform more than expected and gets advantage edge over other competitors in a tough competi-tion market.
be willing continually to change, learn and adapt. If you are preparing to teach in the twenty –first century, try to imagine what your role will be. You will no doubt be teaching facts and skills that have traditionally been devised. Teachers’ successes will depend upon their flexibility and their ability to view teaching as an ever-changing process that reflects the society in which it occurs.
Everywhere, there is pressure for children to learn more in school. The new economy demands that young people leave school with strong abilities to read, write, calculate and apply disciplined thought to the solution of problems. Citizenship in every society requires an understanding of the history, government and tradition of not only that society but of many others as well. More and more the pursuit of individual happiness must begin with an educated view of a complex and rapidly changing world. As schools have been pressed to be more effective and more productive, the out-of-school influences on academic learning have escalated in importance. Even where the school day and school year have been lengthened, the amount of time, children spend in school during the first eighteen years of their lives is small (perhaps 13% of waking hours) compared to time spent with the family and the broader community. Fortunately, research on the family’s influence on school learning has a substantial history, and we can settle upon basic premises with great confidence.
With reasonable certainty, we can state that poverty may statistically predict lower school performance, yet families that provide a stimulating, language rich, and supportive environment defy the odds of socio-economic circumstances. In other words, an alterable ‘curriculum of the home’—including the family’s relationships, practices and patterns of life—is a more powerful predictor of academic learning than the family’s status. Schools can work with families to improve the curriculum of the home, regardless of the family’s economic situation. This, then, is a message of great hope. Research on the relationships among families who constitute a school community leans heavily on a long body of sociological literature on communities of all types. Recently, however, primarily within the past decade, a strand of this sociological research has focused on schools as communities, and we are arriving at a set of understandings that may soon achieve the status of theory.
As for what schools can do to affect family behaviors in ways that benefit children’s learning, the research trail is shorter and less conclusive. There remains a great amount of experimentation, casting about to see what works. Some initiatives have, in fact, worked, and we may report them, draw lessons from them, and generalize from them. While the home’s influence on academic learning is significant, the quality and quantity of instruction and the child’s own cognitive abilities are of equal or greater significance. There is a danger, then, in placing too much emphasis (or blame) on the family’s contribution to the learning equation while forgiving weaknesses in the school. By the same token, ignoring the gains to be made by helping families improve the alterable curriculum of the home limits of the potential effectiveness of the school.
Facets of Education
Complete education compri-ses many forms such as—
l Informal Education: It is acquired by the learner himself /herself with self efforts through socialization process. The learning subject-matter in Informal education is all social material in global village. In this system, the acquired know-ledge is not evaluated by any outside agency and no certificate is provided for it.
l Non-formal Education: In this system, learner is enrolled with an education agency to acquire knowledge and knowledge is evaluated for the award of certificate but no regular face-to-face interaction between teacher and student is provided. Non-formal education is acquired through distance /correspondence mode.
l Formal Education: In this setting, the knowledge is continuously evaluated for the award of certificate and learners’ development reflects in their behavior. Face-to-face interaction between teacher and student is intensive in this process of teaching-learning. The process of education delivery is ideal for all-round development of person’s personality. Pre-specified instructional curriculum is provided to teacher to make desired change in the learner.
l Functional Education: In this system learner acquires working skills through informal, non-formal and formal modes of education.
How to become a teacher
One has to acquire degree/Diploma level education to become a teacher for conventional disciplines of secondary standard. PhD or UGC -NET qualified examination is required for teaching at degree level disciplines. Indicative criteria to become a qualified teacher are shown here.
1. Teachers for conventional disciplines at pre-primary, primary/elementary and secon-dary level education
l Pre–Primary Teacher: Diploma of Early childhood care and Education (ECCE)/NTT /equivalents)
l Elementary Teacher: Diploma of Elementary Teacher Education (ETE/D.Ed/BTC etc.)
l Secondary Teacher: Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) after BA/B.Com/B.Sc. etc.
l Senior Secondary Teacher: Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) after MA/M.Com./MSc./equivalents
l Higher Education: Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D), / National Eligibility Test (NET)/State level eligibility Test (SLET) in any discipline for entry level of College/University Teacher/Lecturer/Asstt. Professor.
2. Teachers for Professional/Technical Education at certifi-cate, diploma and degree levels:
l Certificate/ Diploma Level Education in Library Science: B.Lib.Sc/M.Lib.Sc.
l Degree Level Education in Library Science: M.Lib.Sc. and UGC NET/PhD
l Certificate/ Diploma Level Education in Physical educa-tion: B.PEd./BPE
l Degree Level Education in Physical education: MPEd/MPE and UGC NET/Ph. D
l Certificate/ Diploma Level Education in Arts( Fine arts, Visual Arts etc.):BFA./BA(Fine Arts)
l Degree Level Education in Arts( Fine arts, Visual Arts etc.):MFA/MA in Fine Arts and UGC NET/Ph.D
l Certificate/Diploma Level Education in Musology (Musics): B.Muse
l Diploma Level Education in Engineering: B.E/BTech. in concerned Trade(Electrical/Electronics etc.)
l Degree Level Education in Engineering: M.E./MTech./Ph.D in concerned Trade (Electrical/Electronics etc.)
l Degree Level Medical Educa-tion: MD/ MS/MCh./Ph.D or equivalents
l Diploma Level Pharmacy Education: B.Pharma/M. Pharma
l Degree Level Pharmacy Education: M.Pharma / Ph.D
l Degree level Management: MBA/PhD or UGC NET/SLET Qualified exam.
(Naresh Singh is associated with SCERT New Delhi-110024)
Fresher jobs
Freshers Jobs
* BHEL JHANSI RECRUITMENT 2010-SKILLED ARTISAN JOBS
* DMRC RECRUITMENT 2010-STATION CONTROLLER/TRAIN OPERATOR VACANCY
* FLUID CONTROL RESEARCH INSTITUTE(FCRI) RECRUITMENT 2010-ME/MTECH FRESHER TRAINEES
* ISRO ISTRAC SCIENTIFIC/TECHNICAL ASSISTANT VACANCY-FRESHERS RECRUITMENT 2010
* ENGINEERING DIPLOMA HOLDERS JOBS INDIA 2010-BHEL BANGALORE
* BHEL JHANSI RECRUITMENT 2010-SKILLED ARTISAN JOBS
* DMRC RECRUITMENT 2010-STATION CONTROLLER/TRAIN OPERATOR VACANCY
* FLUID CONTROL RESEARCH INSTITUTE(FCRI) RECRUITMENT 2010-ME/MTECH FRESHER TRAINEES
* ISRO ISTRAC SCIENTIFIC/TECHNICAL ASSISTANT VACANCY-FRESHERS RECRUITMENT 2010
* ENGINEERING DIPLOMA HOLDERS JOBS INDIA 2010-BHEL BANGALORE
Teaching jobs
Teaching Jobs
* SANJAY GANDHI POST GRADUATE INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES LUCKNOW-FACULTY VACANCY
* RECRUITMENT 2010 INDIA-INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KHARAGPUR-FACULTY POST
* MANONMANIAM SUNDARANAR(MS) UNIVERSITY TIRUNELVELI-TAMIL NADU FACULTY JOBS
* CAPE KERALA JOBS 2010-DIRECTOR/PROFESSOR-ACADEMIC RECRUITMENT INDIA
* MANAGEMENT FACULTY JOBS 2010-ICCMRT LUCKNOW UP
* SANJAY GANDHI POST GRADUATE INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES LUCKNOW-FACULTY VACANCY
* RECRUITMENT 2010 INDIA-INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KHARAGPUR-FACULTY POST
* MANONMANIAM SUNDARANAR(MS) UNIVERSITY TIRUNELVELI-TAMIL NADU FACULTY JOBS
* CAPE KERALA JOBS 2010-DIRECTOR/PROFESSOR-ACADEMIC RECRUITMENT INDIA
* MANAGEMENT FACULTY JOBS 2010-ICCMRT LUCKNOW UP
Governement Jobs
Banking Jobs
* BARODA RAJASTHAN GRAMIN BANK RECRUITMENT 2010-OFFICER/CLERK CUM CASHIER VACANCY
* IDBI BANK RECRUITMENT 2010-WINDOW 2-INDIAN BANKING JOBS
* CANBANK FACTORS LTD-JUNIOR OFFICERS JOBS-NEW DELHI/LUDHIANA VACANCY
* RESERVE BANK OF INDIA RECRUITMENT 2010-RBI JOB VACANCIES-INDIAN CITIZENS
* IT BANKING OFFICER JOBS-PUNJAB NATIONAL BANK RECRUITMENT OCTOBER 2009
State Govt. Jobs
* MAHARASHTRA STATE ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION CAREER-IT JOBS INDIA
* POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA RECRUITMENT 2010
* DELHI JUDICIAL ACADEMY-GOVERNMENT VACANCIES-RECRUITMENT 2010
* GREATER NOIDA AUTHORITY-CURRENT VACANCIES INDIA 2010
* GOVERNMENT DRIVER JOBS-CHANDIGARH TRANSPORT UNDERTAKING-MATRIC PASS
Railways Jobs
* RAILWAY PROTECTION FORCE(RPF) RECRUITMENT 2010-INSPECTOR/SUB-INSPECTORS PROSECUTION JOBS
* NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY-SPORTS QUOTA JOBS 2009
* AJMER RAILWAY RECRUITMENT BOARD (RRB) – JOB VACANCIES 2009
* RAILWAY RECRUITMENT BOARD BOARD(RRB) – JAMMU/KASHMIR – RAILWAYS JOBS IN INDIA
* IRCTC JOBS – GOVERNMENT VACANCIES 2008
* BARODA RAJASTHAN GRAMIN BANK RECRUITMENT 2010-OFFICER/CLERK CUM CASHIER VACANCY
* IDBI BANK RECRUITMENT 2010-WINDOW 2-INDIAN BANKING JOBS
* CANBANK FACTORS LTD-JUNIOR OFFICERS JOBS-NEW DELHI/LUDHIANA VACANCY
* RESERVE BANK OF INDIA RECRUITMENT 2010-RBI JOB VACANCIES-INDIAN CITIZENS
* IT BANKING OFFICER JOBS-PUNJAB NATIONAL BANK RECRUITMENT OCTOBER 2009
State Govt. Jobs
* MAHARASHTRA STATE ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION CAREER-IT JOBS INDIA
* POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA RECRUITMENT 2010
* DELHI JUDICIAL ACADEMY-GOVERNMENT VACANCIES-RECRUITMENT 2010
* GREATER NOIDA AUTHORITY-CURRENT VACANCIES INDIA 2010
* GOVERNMENT DRIVER JOBS-CHANDIGARH TRANSPORT UNDERTAKING-MATRIC PASS
Railways Jobs
* RAILWAY PROTECTION FORCE(RPF) RECRUITMENT 2010-INSPECTOR/SUB-INSPECTORS PROSECUTION JOBS
* NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY-SPORTS QUOTA JOBS 2009
* AJMER RAILWAY RECRUITMENT BOARD (RRB) – JOB VACANCIES 2009
* RAILWAY RECRUITMENT BOARD BOARD(RRB) – JAMMU/KASHMIR – RAILWAYS JOBS IN INDIA
* IRCTC JOBS – GOVERNMENT VACANCIES 2008
Lates Jobs in india
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Lates Jobs in india
30 November, 2009
University of Delhi (DU)
Delhi – 110007
Applications are invited on the prescribed form for the following posts so as to reach the Registrar, University of Delhi, Delhi - 110007 latest by 28/12/2009:
- Deputy Librarian : 03 posts
- Assistant Librarian / Documentation Officer : 17 posts
- Professional Assistant : 11 posts
- Library Attendant : 89 posts
- Medical Officer : 04 posts
- X- Ray Technician : 01 post
- Nurse : 03 posts
- Technical Assistant : 01 post
- Attendant : 02 posts
- Dresser : 02 posts
Labels: Assistant, Attendant, Delhi, Librarian, Nurse, Officer, Technician, University
Tamilnadu Veterinary and Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai-600051
Applications are invited for the following faculty posts in various disciplines and departments :
- Professor : 04 posts, Pay Scale : Rs.16400-22400/-
- Associate Professor : 09 posts, Pay Scale : Rs.12000-18300/-
- Assistant Professor : 42 posts, Pay Scale : Rs.8000-13500/-
Labels: Faculty, TN, University, Veterinary
2 reinstated IPS men get postings: No justice for Muralinath death
The additional director general of police, Mr Vivek Dube, and the superintendent of police, Mr Abraham Lincoln, who were awaiting their postings after being reinstated were assigned new posts on Monday.
Mr Dube and Mr Lincoln were reinstated recently after they were suspended in a case of suspicious death of orderly constable Muralinath.
Mr Vivek Dube, a 1981 batch IPS official was posted as the additional director general Welfare after Mr Umesh Kumar was transferred. Mr Umesh Kumar was posted as additional DG, provisions and logistics, in the existing vacancy.
Mr Vivek Dube, a 1981 batch IPS official was posted as the additional director general Welfare after Mr Umesh Kumar was transferred. Mr Umesh Kumar was posted as additional DG, provisions and logistics, in the existing vacancy.
SP Mr Abraham Lincoln was posted as assistant inspector general of police (administration) in the existing vacancy.
No jusrice for Muralinath.. IPS Lobby worked better than the governemtn. Justice is delayed for ever..
SC& ST People die for the luxary of Upper calss in India.. this is one example of many...... poor people born to serve the upper class. Gandhian society....
Pak still views India as dangerous: Sethi
Mr Najam Sethi, the editor of Pakistani dailies The Friday Times and Daily Times, on Monday said the Pakistani government and mainstream media had finally recognised Talibans activists as terrorists.
Participating in a round table conference on Freedom of Press held here as part of the 62nd World Newspaper Congress and 16th World Editors’ Forum, Mr Sethi said that earlier neither the Pakistan government nor the mainstream media called Taliban activists as “terrorists.” They were called insurgents or militants.
“The Friday Times and Daily Times were the only newspapers, to call the Taliban a terror force. We received several death threats, but we did not change our stand. Now that the Taliban has been attacking military establishments and security forces and killing innocent people, the government and the mainstream media are recognising the Taliban as a terror force. The war on terror is no longer an US mission, it has also become our own war against terror,” Mr Sethi said.
Mr Sethi said the Pakistan government had, over decades, indoctrinated the media and people against India. After the jihad against the then USSR occupation of Afghanistan, non-state players turned their attention towards India. The backlash of terror now haunts Pakistan.
He pointed out that even though the Taliban may be an existential threat, the media and most Pakistanis continue to view India as the more “potent danger.”
“Entire generations have grown up with this mindset. It’s not going to be easy to turn this clock back. But now people are recognising the terror tactics of Talibans.”
Saying that sometimes the state is not equal to government and sometimes it is, in Pakistan, the senior Pakistani editor said judiciary and bureaucracy sometimes back the government. “The real threat is from non-state actors. They are very powerful. If the media gets threats, there’s no defence. We can’t ask the state to defend us. It is defending itself. Earlier we were fighting in wilderness. Now we are getting support.”
He regretted that the notion of secularism has been distorted in Pakistan in the last 30 years. “We have been dubbing secularism as anti-Islam and secularists as enemies of the religion”
Realtors fear crushing impact from ‘Tlenga Movement by TRS is ended
Builders and developers fear that the resurgence of the Telangana movement will have a “crushing” impact on the real estate market in and around Hyderabad, which is already going through a bad patch.
If the Telangana agitation continues for a long time, the investors and players in the real estate industry can forget about any hopes of a revival in the next three years. Although the price of land and housing units will not come down further, there will be no increase in prices in the near future.
The immediate adverse impact will be on the “just picked up” sales of housing units in the range of Rs 15-30 lakh. Mr Jaiveer Reddy of Ashoka Builders said while the market for high-end flats and housing units is yet to pick up, business in the below Rs 30 lakh category had started showing signs of improvement.
Sales in this category may now slow down with the revival of the Telangana sentiment as prospective buyers would prefer to wait and watch. Mr G. Anand Reddy, the executive director of real estate giant PBA Infrastructures Ltd., agrees that the rise of the ‘T’ factor has come at a time when the lower-end market was showing signs of improvement, holding out hope of a revival in the high-end market too.
However, Andhra Pradesh Builders’ Forum president, Mr Ch. Shekhar Reddy, said the market was already at its lowest and the Telangana unrest cannot cause it any more damage.
“Some builders are selling flats at even Rs 1,400 per sq feet, although with low quality components and less specifications. At the most, they will stop selling the units. But they cannot reduce the price because they can’t go below Rs 1,400 per sq ft which is almost a break-even point,” he said.
Ramky Real Estate Group chairman, Mr Ayodhya R. Reddy, said the unrest will hit hard those builders who are already paying huge interest on money they borrowed for high-end housing projects.
Rosaih tells cops to be alert on KCR
The Chief Minister, Mr K. Rosaiah, on Monday asked the police to be on high alert in the wake of the Telangana Rashtra Samiti chief, Mr K. Chandrasekhar Rao’s proposed fast-unto-death slated from November 29.
The Chief Minister held a detailed review on the situation in Telangana districts with Dr K.V.P. Ramachandra Rao, chairman of committee on public safety and security, home minister, Ms P. Sabita Indra Reddy and the director-general of police, Mr R.R. Girish Kumar, at the former’s residence.
The meeting felt that the situation was so far under control but a constant vigil should be kept on the developments. The intelligence officials were believed to have briefed the Chief Minister that the response to the prayer meetings in Telangana districts was poor. There were places where not even 10 members were present, the officials said.
The meeting, however, expressed concern over the TRS attempting to instigate students and apprehended that they might be used as shield also if police try to break the fast. Asked whether additional forces would be deployed a senior official told this newspaper that the local force in Medak district had been handling the security arrangements so far. “The situation is not ripe for use of forces,” he said adding that the reinforcement plan would also be under place.
The meeting also took stock of the smooth conduct of the Greater Hyderabad polls.
Meanwhile, the TRS chief’s open meet programme in Kakatiya University campus on Monday attracted about 7,000 students from different parts of the district. Students’ leaders of 12 associations, affiliated to different political parties, including a large number of KU professors, extended moral support to KCR’s initiative.
Telengana boys furious as KCR ends fast
In a dramatic twist, pro-Telangana students who protested violently in support of the TRS chief, Mr K. Chandrashekhar Rao, turned on him angrily after he withdrew his “fast unto death” on Monday evening.
Mr Rao, who undertook his fast at the Khammam jail on Sunday, was shifted to the Government General Hospital where he ended the fast by accepting a glass of orange juice given by a doctor in the presence of photographers.
But students who had attacked policemen and public and private property for two days to support Mr Rao, did not take kindly to this sudden decision.
Students on the university campuses at Hyderabad, Warangal and Nizamabad protested the decision. They performed “shava yatras,” carrying effigies of Mr Rao in a mock funeral procession before setting it on fire.
Faced with the ire of the party cadre and students, Mr Rao later alleged that the police had “drugged” and “cheated” him in the hospital and forced him to break the fast. He alleged that the Greyhounds police personnel had, without permission, forcibly shifted him to the hospital. However, Mr Rao said, “I am determined to continue the struggle for a separate state.”
All through the day, TRS activists and students had gone on the rampage in Telangana districts, attacking passersby, damaging property, setting fire to vehicles and threatening suicide as part of the bandh called by the party to protest the arrest of Mr Rao. The bandh was total and disrupted normal life.
However, when students of Osmania University who had been engaged in pitched battles with the police learnt that Mr Rao had called off his fast, they changed tack and trained their guns at him.
“We have been deceived again,” said a student. “If Chenna Reddy had betrayed the students in 1969, KCR has repeated it 40 years later.” Angered at his decision, students took out a “KCR shava yatra” alleging that he betrayed theTelanaga people by claiming that he would continue the agitation till death.
“We were caned and locked in police stations, only to be betrayed by KCR,” said Jai Prakash, a student of Arts College. Baladeer Gaddar also criticised Mr Rao by saying that he had made it a habit to create drama to sustain his politics. “He is responsible for provoking the students and has to apologise,” he added.
In Nizamabad, students of Telangana University (TU) at Dichpally burnt the effigy of the TRS president. In Warangal too, his effigy was burned. Earlier, Mr Rao was shifted to the Government General Hospital from the Khammam sub-jail after his health condition appeared to deteriorate.
“He was on fast for the past 24 hours and didn’t take food in the jail,” said the Khammam jail superintendent, Mr B. Saidaiah. “He is a chronic diabetic patient.”
After ending his fast, Mr Rao said he was hurt by the suicide attempts of the students and called upon them to adopt new strategy to achieve the goals. “The agitation was launched not to commit suicide but to get separate statehood for 3.5 crore Telangana people,” he said. Specialist doctors who arrived from Hyderabad conducted medical tests and administered intravenous fluids to Mr Rao.
Throughout the day, areas surrounding Osmania University in the city saw much violence with students taking to the streets armed with sticks and clubs attacking vehicles, shops and even innocent passers-by.
Activists belonging to various students unions attacked the quarters of Dr M.D. Christopher, secretary of the AP State Council for Higher Education, and damaged his car and house. At 13 places in Telangana, TRS activists climbed cellphone towers threatening to jump to death if Mr Rao was not released. Train services were disrupted in North Telangana.
The DGP, Mr R.R. Girish Kumar, said 84 RTC buses were damaged and six set afire in the past two days. Around 3,767 TRS activists were arrested as preventive measure, he added.
Police, who aggressively caned agitating students on Sunday, remained mute spectators on Monday as bandh supporters indulged in violence. There was panic after a gunny bag containing bomb like objects was found near NIN.
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